In the United States, winter household water damage is very common, especially in areas with sudden temperature drops or blizzards. The causes of floods are often related to low-temperature icing, HVAC pipeline problems, and roof drainage system failures. This article will systematically review the main reasons and corresponding mechanisms.

 

Reasons for Water Damage in Winter

1. Freezing and Bursting of Pipelines (the most common cause)

Mechanism:

When the temperature is below 0 ° C (32 ° F), the water inside the pipe will freeze and expand by about 9% in volume.

This will cause a sharp increase in pressure inside the pipeline, leading to the bursting of copper pipes, PVC pipes, or joints.

When the temperature rises and the ice melts, a large amount of accumulated water rushes out, forming serious indoor floods.

Areas prone to problems:

Water pipes are located near the attic, basement, crawl space, or exterior walls.

Areas without insulation or warm air coverage.

 

2. Ice Dams on the Roof

Mechanism:

The hot air on the upper layer of the roof melts the snow, and the melted water flows down to the eaves and freezes again, forming an "ice dam".

After the melted water is blocked, it flows back into the roof tiles or walls, causing water leakage from the ceiling and walls.

Typical regions:

Cold regions such as the Northeastern United States, New England, Minnesota, Michigan, Colorado, etc.

 

3. Drainage System Failure caused by Snow Melting and Rainstorm

Mechanism:

When the temperature suddenly rises in winter or a rainstorm melts snow, a large amount of surface water cannot be discharged through the drainage ditch in time.

Water may flow back into basements, crawl spaces, or foundation cracks.

Frequently Asked Questions:

Buildings with low terrain or aging waterproof layers on the foundation are particularly susceptible to impact.

Blockage of drainage ditches by ice, snow, and leaves can also increase the risk.

 

4. Heating or Humidification Equipment Malfunction

Mechanism:

HVAC system or water heater ruptures and leaks water.

The whole house humidifier is installed on the warm air duct, and improper maintenance can cause condensation water to leak out.

Result:

Causing local water accumulation, floor bulging, or mold growth.

 

5. Poor Sealing of Windows and Doors

Mechanism:

In winter, there is a large temperature difference outside, causing the metal of the window frame to expand and contract, and the sealing strip to age.

After the ice melts, water seeps into the wall or window sill.

 

6. Other Reasons

The aging of the roof and the acceleration of winter wind and snow can cause tile breakage or displacement, leading to rain and snow leakage.

The sump pump in the basement fails, unable to drain water due to a power interruption or a mechanical malfunction.

Heating or boiler systems leak, especially in old systems where corroded pipes cause leaks.